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一、引入依赖

在项目中首先需要配置所需的依赖包。Netty作为依赖包需要手动添加，建议访问Maven仓库获取最新版本。以下是常用的依赖配置：

       
        
            
     
      io.netty
             
     
      netty-all
             
     
      4.1.25.Final
         
        
        
            
     
      org.projectlombok
             
     
      lombok
             
     
      1.16.22
         
    
   

二、服务器端实现

完成依赖配置后，接下来编写服务器端代码。以下是一个简单的Netty服务器实现：

public class LiuServer {    private final int port;    public LiuServer(int port) {        this.port = port;    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        int port = 8888;        new LiuServer(port).start();    }    public void start() throws Exception {        EventLoopGroup bossGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup(1);        EventLoopGroup workerGroup = new NioEventLoopGroup();        try {            ServerBootstrap b = new ServerBootstrap();            b.group(bossGroup, workerGroup)                    .channel(NioServerSocketChannel.class)                    .localAddress(new InetSocketAddress(port))                    .childHandler(new ChannelInitializer
   
    () {                        @Override                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new LiuServerHandler());                        }                    });            ChannelFuture f = b.bind().sync();            System.out.println(LiuServer.class.getName() + " 服务启动开始监听端口：" + f.channel().localAddress());            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();        } finally {            bossGroup.shutdownGracefully();            workerGroup.shutdownGracefully();        }    }}//服务器处理类@ChannelHandler.Sharablepublic class LiuServerHandler extends ChannelInboundHandlerAdapter {    @Override    public void channelRead(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Object msg) {        ByteBuf in = (ByteBuf) msg;        System.out.println("客户端发来消息: " + in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));        ctx.write(in);    }    @Override    public void channelReadComplete(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {        System.out.println("channel 通道读取完成");        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.EMPTY_BUFFER).addListener(ChannelFutureListener.CLOSE);    }    @Override    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {        cause.printStackTrace();        ctx.close();    }}
   

三、客户端实现

客户端需要连接到服务器，以下是一个简单的Netty客户端实现：

public class LiuClient {    private final String host;    private final int port;    public LiuClient(String host, int port) {        this.host = host;        this.port = port;    }    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {        final String host = "127.0.0.1";        final int port = 8888;        new LiuClient(host, port).start();    }    public void start() throws Exception {        EventLoopGroup group = new NioEventLoopGroup();        try {            Bootstrap b = new Bootstrap();            b.group(group)                    .channel(NioSocketChannel.class)                    .remoteAddress(new InetSocketAddress(host, port))                    .handler(new ChannelInitializer
   
    () {                        @Override                        public void initChannel(SocketChannel ch) {                            ch.pipeline().addLast(new LiuClientHandler());                        }                    });            ChannelFuture f = b.connect().sync();            f.channel().closeFuture().sync();        } finally {            group.shutdownGracefully();        }    }}//客户端处理类@ChannelHandler.Sharablepublic class LiuClientHandler extends SimpleChannelInboundHandler
    
      {    @Override    public void channelActive(ChannelHandlerContext ctx) {        ctx.writeAndFlush(Unpooled.copiedBuffer("Hello Netty! " + Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis()), CharsetUtil.UTF_8));    }    @Override    public void channelRead0(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, ByteBuf in) {        System.out.println("服务器发来消息: " + in.toString(CharsetUtil.UTF_8));    }    @Override    public void exceptionCaught(ChannelHandlerContext ctx, Throwable cause) {        cause.printStackTrace();        ctx.close();    }}
    
   

以上代码提供了一个完整的Netty服务器端和客户端实现，适用于基础的网络通信应用开发。

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